Boc-Lys(Ivdde)-OH is a derivative of lysine, an amino acid, and is commonly used in peptide synthesis. The molecule consists of a lysine residue with two important protective groups: Boc (tert-butyloxycarbonyl) and Ivdde (1-(4,4-Dimethyl-2,6-dioxocyclohex-1-ylidene)ethyl).

Structure and Components:
Lysine: Lysine is an essential amino acid, often involved in protein building and cellular processes. In peptide synthesis, lysine's side chain amino group (ε-amino group) can react with other molecules, so protective groups are often used to prevent undesired reactions.

Boc Group: The Boc group protects the main α-amino group of lysine. It is a stable group during various synthesis steps and can be easily removed under acidic conditions, typically with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA).

Ivdde Group: This is a specialized protecting group that blocks the ε-amino group of lysine. It offers selective protection and can be removed under milder conditions, such as with hydrazine or certain reductive conditions, without affecting the Boc group.

Application in Peptide Synthesis:
Boc-Lys(Ivdde)-OH is primarily used in the stepwise solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). The dual protective groups (Boc and Ivdde) make it highly useful for synthesizing complex peptides where control over the reactivity of different amino groups is crucial. The Boc group ensures selective deprotection and reaction, while the Ivdde group protects the lysine side chain during early steps and can be deprotected later.

Advantages:
Selective Protection: Boc-Lys(Ivdde)-OH allows for precise control over which amino group reacts, which is essential in creating branched or cyclic peptides.
Versatility: It can be incorporated into various peptide sequences, offering flexibility in synthetic design.