Glycylglycine is a compound with a specific chemical structure and properties. Below is a detailed introduction:
I. Basic Information
Aliases: N-Glycylglycine, Diglycylamine, Glycylglycine, Diglycine, Glycocoll.
Molecular Formula: C4H8N2O3.
CAS Number: 556-50-3.
II. Physical Properties
Appearance: Glycylglycine is a white leaf-like crystal.
Melting Point: 260–262°C (decomposes).
Solubility: At 25°C, the solubility of glycylglycine in water is 13.4g/100mL. It is easily soluble in hot water, poorly soluble in alcohol, and insoluble in ether.
III. Chemical Properties and Synthesis Methods
·Chemical Properties: As a dipeptide of amino acids, glycylglycine has a peptide bond structure and is therefore prone to hydrolysis, ammonolysis, and other reactions.
·Synthesis Methods: The synthesis of amino acids and peptides is complex and requires linking optically active α-amino acids in a specific sequence while maintaining optical activity. Peptide bonds in peptides can easily undergo hydrolysis and ammonolysis, so protective groups are needed to safeguard the carbon or nitrogen ends of amino acids. One possible synthesis method involves reacting glycerol with glycine, followed by a series of steps to obtain the crude product, which is then recrystallized to yield pure glycylglycine. Another method involves the synthesis of glycylglycine (i.e., glycylglycine) from 2,5-piperazinedione through pH adjustment, vacuum concentration, and washing.
IV. Applications
·Biological Research and Medicine: Glycylglycine is widely used in biological research and medicine. It can be used as a stabilizer for blood preservation and protein drugs such as cytochrome C injections, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of these biological products.
·Enzymology Research: Glycylglycine can also be used as a substrate for measuring glycylglycine dipeptidase, providing a valuable tool for enzymology research and drug development.
·Peptide Synthesis: As a short peptide, glycylglycine plays an important role in the synthesis of peptides.
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry: The interaction between glycylglycine and transition metals has crucial applications in many areas of biotechnology and pharmaceutical chemistry, offering new approaches and methods for drug development and biotechnological applications.
Glycylglycine is a biochemically significant reagent with broad applications in biological research, medicine, enzymology research, and peptide synthesis.
